Geoff Walden

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Obersalzberg

Miscellaneous Buildings

   In addition to the main houses and military buildings, the Obersalzberg complex had many other associated buildings. Several of these survived the 1945 bombing, and appear today substantially as they did in the early 1940s. Others form part of the ruins still to be seen in the area. (This page is in multiple parts - click the link at the bottom of the page to continue to further miscellaneous sites.)

Göring's personal adjutant Gen. Karl Bodenschatz and staff had living quarters and offices in an adjutancy house near Landhaus Göring. The house is today a private residence.  (Hartmann, "Verwandlung")

 

This view shows the Adjutancy from the other side. Göring's own house can be seen
in the distance, with the Untersberg mountains in the background.  (author's collection)

 

Four multi-family houses for SS officers and their families were built at Hintereck, near the Adjutancy building. Three of these buildings remain today, used as private residences.

 

The Hintereck area is seen in this 1945 aerial reconnaissance photo. The multi-family houses are
at the left center, with the Koksbunker above (see below). The house on the right has taken a bomb
hit (the ruins were removed after the war). At the lower right corner is the house of Göring's Adjutant.
(U.S. National Archives)

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SS-Sturmbannführer (Major) Spann, chief of the Obersalzberg administrative offices, lived in the Unterwurflehen house, near the Berghof. Few period photos exist of this house - the roof can be seen at the bottom of the 1945 photo at left. The painting on the right shows the Unterwurflehen house (as seen from Bormann's house), across the road from the Hotel Zum Türken. The only ruins that remain today of Unterwurflehen are small bits of concrete and brick at the site.  (left - National Archives RG 342FH-3A20803;  painting in the Hotel Zum Türken collection)

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Architect Albert Speer, who became Minister of Armaments, was the fourth member of the Nazi hierarchy who had a house on the Obersalzberg. Below his house was a spacious architectural studio, built to Speer's design in 1939. The Armed Forces Recreation Center used this building as "Evergreen Lodge" until 1995, adding a new doorway and terrace at the corner. It stood vacant until 2002, but has recently been used as an office by the Gewerbegrund company that built the hotel near the site of Landhaus Göring.  (Hartmann, "Verwandlung;" my thanks to Uwe Bruegge for sending me the update on its current occupants)

 

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Speer's studio, then and now.  (period photo from Dokumentation Obersalzberg)

 

Back side of Speer's studio building.

Speer's house on the Obersalzberg (above his studio).
The house is today private property.

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To supply Hitler's vegetarian diet, Bormann had a greenhouse built, between his own house and Hintereck. The building at the side (seen head-on in the view on the right) was a house for growing mushrooms. This building took a direct bomb hit in April 1945 and its ruins were completely removed (below right). Only the concrete foundations of the greenhouse remain today, near the entrance to the InterContinental Hotel.  (U.S. National Archives)

 

GIs inspect the greenhouse (Gewächshaus) in 1945. About 1943 Bormann had a second tier added - compare this photo to the earlier views above. The observation tower for the anti-aircraft defense and communications center can be seen above and behind the greenhouse ruins (note - this object was removed in 2004, during construction of the InterContinental Hotel).  (U.S. Army Signal Corps photo, National Archives RG 111SC-207259)

 

The Greenhouse in its entirety is seen in this May 1945 aerial photo.  (U.S. National Archives)

 

Inside the greenhouse, ca. 1940. In this still from a movie by Eva Braun,
Martin Bormann's children are seen harvesting vegetables.  (National Archives)

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To supply the power needs of the Obersalzberg complex, a coal storage bunker was built in 1940. This huge stone and concrete edifice could hold 10,000 cubic meters - over 3500 tons - of coal. (left - Hartmann - "Verwandlung;" right - Rhomberg-Schuster - "Historische Blitzlichter")

 

Vegetation prevents an exact comparison photo today. The Koksbunker remains substantially as it did in 1945. This front view was taken in 1981. Some of the original wooden doors remain.

Vegetation continues to encroach on the site, and refuse has been piled in front of some of the doors. This view was taken in May 2005. 

 

Interior of one of the coal supply rooms. Coal trucks dumped their loads into the top of the Koksbunker, from a road higher on the hill, then smaller trucks could be supplied via the openings in the ceilings of these rooms. The Koksbunker is in surprisingly good shape, considering that it was set on fire in early May 1945 (either by retreating SS troops or by Allied soldiers), and the contents burned until October!  Note: A lot of the trash and vegetation was removed from the Koksbunker site during a clean-up on the Obersalzberg in the fall/winter of 2006 - see below.

 

The Koksbunker in January 2007.  (courtesy Mario Blersch (left) and Ralf Hornberger)

 


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1940 also saw the construction of a large building to store architectural models behind the Hotel Zum Türken.
 This building is better known as the Kindergarten, since it fulfilled that purpose for the families of the Obersalzberg
residents and staff.  This photo, taken by Nazi photographer Ernst Baumann, shows the Modellhaus/Kindergarten
 building in the right-center. The smaller building to the left was the Filmarchiv building, which served as storage for the films
 that were shown in the Berghof, Theaterhalle, and SS-Kaserne. The Berghof can be seen in the right distance.  (author's collection)

 

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Although the Kindergarten building was badly damaged during the 1945 bombing and the ruins were razed along with those of the SS Kaserne in 1951-52, a large part of the foundation was visible for many years afterwards, just beside the road leading to the Hintereck parking area, uphill from the Türken (these ruins were removed in 2001-2002). In both of these views, the Kehlsteinhaus is just visible on the mountain behind.  (Rupert Prohme, "History of 30th Infantry Regiment World War II," Washington, Infantry Journal Press, 1947)

 

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The modern photo shows the open basement of the Kindergarten during the removal of the ruins in the summer of 2001. (Dokumentation Obersalzberg)

 

The view on the left, part of an aerial reconnaissance photo taken just prior to the bombing of the Obersalzberg on 25 April 1945, shows the Modellhaus/Kindergarten and Filmarchiv buildings, in relation to the Hotel Zum Türken. Looking down from above, the large building at left-center is the Kindergarten, with the smaller Filmarchiv just to the right (center of the photo). The Türken is in the lower left corner, with the buildings of the SS Kaserne at the top and upper right.  (U.S. Army photo, Life Magazine, 19 March 1945)
The photo on the right shows the Kindergarten foundation ruins as they appeared for many years beside the road running from the Türken to the Hintereck bus stop, before the Obersalzberg demolition began in 2001.

 

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The Filmarchiv building was also damaged in the 1945 bombing, and the foundation ruins were removed in the summer of 2001. During this excavation, several previously uncharted tunnels were uncovered, including one that had been inaccessible since 1945. This tunnel yielded munitions boxes, hand grenades, a panzerfaust, jackboots, and period wine bottles, some still with their contents preserved. The modern view shows the exposed basement in May 2001. The photo on the left, taken ca. 1950 by ex-Nazi photographer Ernst Baumann, shows the ruins of the Filmarchiv at far left, with the ruins of the Kindergarten in the center and the rebuilt Hotel Zum Türken on the right. The ruins of the Berghof can be seen beyond the Türken (compare to Baumann's early 1940s photo above)(author's collection)

 

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A curved stone staircase led down into access tunnels below the Filmarchiv basement. (These basement ruins are all filled in now.)

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Various guardhouses for the SS-Leibstandarte were erected around the inner Obersalzberg area. The main SS guardhouse was on the road just below the Berghof. This was an elaborate affair spanning the road, with a wooden gate. Today, the stone foundation can be seen to the left of the road.  (Florentine Hamm, "Obersalzberg, Wanderungen zwischen Gestern und Heute," Munich, 1941 (author's collection); below - courtesy Ralf Hornberger)

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A group of girls belonging to the Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM - girls' Hitler Youth) wait at the guardhouse to visit their Führer (after keeping the girls waiting for five hours, Hitler came down out of the Berghof and signed autographs).  (Florentine Hamm, "Obersalzberg, Wanderungen zwischen Gestern und Heute," Munich, 1941 (author's collection)

Under new management - a group of U.S. and French soldiers at the guardhouse in early May 1945  (photo by Sgt. Gaston Eve, 501RCC, 2nd Free French Armored Division, courtesy Marc Eve)

 

The SS guardhouse can be seen in this view taken from the upper balcony overlook of the Berghof. The guardhouse is at the bottom of the photo, with Haus Salzburgblick visible just beyond it (this was one of the many Obersalzberg houses destroyed by Martin Bormann ca. 1936-1937). In the lower center of the photo, partly visible through the trees, is Villa Bechstein, owned by the famous piano-maker family. The Nazis retained this as a guesthouse, normally occupied by the Josef Goebbels family when Goebbels was on the Obersalzberg. These buildings (and others) can be seen in the 1936 aerial photo, in the lower right-hand area. (The Berghof is in the lower center of the aerial photo.)  (left - period postcard in author's collection; right - U.S. National Archives, RG 242-H)

 

A similar guardhouse, although not as elaborate, was located at the other end of the main Obersalzberg area, on the road leading up from Oberau to the Klaushöhe area.  (left - May 1945 reconnaissance photo; right - 101st Airborne Div. film, both in U.S. National Archives)

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A large Theaterhalle for films and speeches was built to entertain the workers on the Obersalzberg. A heavy snowstorm in March 1944 collapsed the roof, which was later rebuilt. The drawing on the left is from a 1941 illustrated map of the Obersalzberg. On the right is a May 1945 U.S. reconnaissance photo - the Theaterhalle is the large building near the center. The other buildings belonged to the Antenberg workers camp (see below).  (right - U.S. National Archives)

 

Period postcard views of the Theaterhalle.  (left - National Archives, RG 260-NSA-69)

 

The Theaterhalle is seen on the left during construction. On the right is a crop from a May 1945 U.S. aerial photo - camouflage painting can be seen on the sides and roof of the Theaterhalle and an adjacent building of the Antenberg workers camp.  (Left - Geiss, 1952; right - U.S. National Archives)

 

Ruins of the foundation of the Theaterhalle, on the Antenberg hill.  (MapQuest Map Link)

 

This photo, one of a series of aerial photos taken by the U.S. Army Air Corps of various Third Reich sites
immediately following the end of the war in May 1945, shows the Antenberg hill, looking east. At the right edge
of the view is the Theaterhalle. In the foreground are various buildings for workmen quartered in the Antenberg
camp - ruins of some of these buildings can be seen in the photos below. In the distance is the Platterhof, with the
Gästehaus just to the left.  (U.S. Army photo, National Archives)

 

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The Antenberg hill became the site of a camp for the workers who built the Obersalzberg building complex, and the area remains the most extensive ruined site on the Obersalzberg today. In addition to the large ruins of the Theaterhalle foundation, many concrete and stone foundations remain of the wooden workers' living quarters.

 

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Several large brick building ruins also remain on the Antenberg hill. Click here to see photos of the air-raid tunnel system built to protect the workers living in the Antenberg barracks. One of the tunnel entrances appears in the 1945 aerial photo above, just to the lower right (across the road) of the building that appears just below the center of the photo.  (photos below courtesy Ralf Hornberger)

 

 

For further information, including Internet links, check the Bibliography page.

 

   Continue to Part 2, More Obersalzberg Miscellaneous Buildings

Rstone.gif (1273 bytes)   Continue to other Obersalzberg sites - Hitler's Berghof, Bormann's and Göring's houses, Platterhof, Gästehaus and Kampfhäusl, Hotel Zum Türken, Gutshof and Teehaus, Kehlsteinhaus, SS barracks, bunker system, other miscellaneous area buildings.

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Third Reich in Ruins, http://www.thirdreichruins.com/

All contents copyright © 2000-2008, Geoffrey R. Walden; all rights reserved.  All photos taken by or from the collection of Geoffrey R. Walden, except where specifically noted.  Please respect my property rights, and the rights of others who have graciously allowed me to use their photos on this page, and do not copy these photos or reproduce them in any other way.

This page is intended for historical research only, and no political or philosophical aims should be assumed. 
Nothing on this page should be construed as advice or directions to trespass on private or posted property.

This page initially uploaded on 20 July 2000.
Last updated on:
  16 November 2007


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